Priapism (painful erections)

Summary

Priapism is a prolonged and often painful erection that lasts for hours beyond or is unrelated to sexual stimulation. It can occur in males of all ages, including newborns, and is considered a medical emergency. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options is essential for managing this condition effectively.

What is Priapism (painful erections)?

Priapism is a condition characterized by an erection that persists for more than four hours without sexual arousal. It can be classified into two main types: ischemic (low-flow) and non-ischemic (high-flow). Ischemic priapism is more common and is typically painful, resulting from blood being trapped in the penis. Non-ischemic priapism is usually painless and occurs due to unregulated blood flow.

Common Signs and Related Symptoms

The primary symptom of priapism is an erection that lasts beyond four hours. In ischemic priapism, the penis is usually rigid and painful, while in non-ischemic priapism, it may be less rigid and not painful. Other symptoms may include tenderness, swelling, and a feeling of heaviness in the penis. If not treated promptly, priapism can lead to complications such as erectile dysfunction.

Things You Can Try to Ease Priapism (painful erections)

Do's

• Apply a cold pack to the base of the penis to reduce swelling.
• Exercise lightly, such as walking, to help reduce the erection.
• Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water.
• Seek immediate medical attention if the erection persists beyond four hours.

Don'ts

• Avoid using medications that can worsen priapism without consulting a doctor.
• Do not attempt to treat the condition with alcohol or drugs.
• Avoid any further sexual stimulation or activity.

If you’re unsure what’s causing your priapism (painful erections), you can use oursymptom checker tool to explore possible conditions.

Home Remedies / Self-care Tips for Priapism (painful erections)

While medical treatment is crucial for priapism, some self-care measures can help manage symptoms. Applying a cold compress to the area can provide temporary relief. Gentle exercise may also help reduce the erection by diverting blood flow. Ensure you maintain a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet and regular physical activity, to reduce the risk of future episodes.

When to See a Doctor

It is imperative to seek medical attention if an erection lasts more than four hours. Delaying treatment can lead to permanent damage and erectile dysfunction. If you experience recurrent episodes of priapism, consult a healthcare provider to determine the underlying cause and appropriate treatment. Early intervention is key to preventing complications.

Treatment for Priapism (painful erections)

Treatment for priapism depends on the type and cause. For ischemic priapism, immediate medical intervention is necessary to relieve the trapped blood. This may involve aspiration, medication, or surgery. Non-ischemic priapism may resolve on its own, but if persistent, it may require embolization or surgical intervention. Addressing underlying conditions or medication adjustments may also be necessary.

Causes of Priapism (painful erections)

Priapism can be caused by various factors, including blood disorders like sickle cell anemia, medications such as antidepressants and blood thinners, and injuries to the genital area. Other causes include alcohol and drug use, certain cancers, and neurological disorders. Identifying the underlying cause is crucial for effective treatment and prevention of future episodes.

Diagnosis / How Doctors Check for Priapism (painful erections)

Diagnosis of priapism involves a physical examination and medical history review. Blood tests may be conducted to identify underlying conditions. Imaging tests like ultrasound can help determine blood flow characteristics. In some cases, a penile blood gas analysis may be performed. Accurate diagnosis is essential for determining the appropriate treatment plan.

If you’re unsure what’s causing your priapism (painful erections), you can use oursymptom checker tool to explore possible conditions.

Prevention / How to Avoid Priapism (painful erections)

Preventing priapism involves managing underlying health conditions and avoiding triggers. Regular medical check-ups and following prescribed treatments for conditions like sickle cell anemia can reduce the risk. Avoiding recreational drugs and discussing medication side effects with a doctor can also help. Lifestyle modifications, such as maintaining a healthy weight and avoiding excessive alcohol, are beneficial.

FAQ

Q: Can priapism go away on its own?
A: Non-ischemic priapism may resolve without treatment, but ischemic priapism requires immediate medical attention to prevent complications.

Q: Is priapism a medical emergency?
A: Yes, especially ischemic priapism, as it can lead to permanent tissue damage if not treated promptly.

Q: What are the long-term effects of priapism?
A: If untreated, priapism can result in erectile dysfunction and permanent damage to the penile tissue.