A newly monitored COVID-19 variant known as BA.3.2, often referred to as “Cicada,” is drawing increasing attention from global health authorities. Although it is not yet the dominant strain in many regions, early surveillance data suggests that this highly mutated variant could play a larger role in future infection waves. Here is a clear, rephrased and SEO optimized breakdown of what is currently known about the Cicada variant, including where it is spreading, its symptoms, and what health experts are advising.
The BA.3.2 variant, nicknamed “Cicada,” is a strain of the SARS-CoV-2 virus that has accumulated a large number of mutations. Health experts describe it as “highly mutated,” with around 70 to 75 genetic changes compared to earlier Omicron lineages.
The nickname “Cicada” reflects how the variant remained mostly undetected for a long period before reappearing, similar to the way cicada insects emerge after years underground. Early detections trace back to late 2024, with additional cases identified through 2025, including among international travelers.
Organizations such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organization are actively monitoring this variant due to its mutation profile and gradual rise in reported cases.
The BA.3.2 variant has been identified in more than 20 countries, including parts of Europe, Africa, and Asia. Nations such as Japan, Kenya, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom have reported confirmed detections.
In the United States, the variant has been found across multiple states through wastewater surveillance systems. This type of monitoring helps scientists detect virus presence in communities even before clinical cases are widely reported.
Despite its growing presence, BA.3.2 still represents a relatively small percentage of total COVID-19 cases in many regions. For example, some datasets show it making up only a small fraction of samples compared to dominant strains like XFG. However, in certain European countries, the variant has reached higher proportions, accounting for a significant share of infections.
Health experts emphasize that while the variant is spreading, it has not yet overtaken other circulating strains globally.
The primary concern surrounding the Cicada variant lies in its high number of mutations. These changes may affect how the virus behaves in several ways:
However, experts stress that more data is needed before drawing firm conclusions. At present, there is no clear evidence that BA.3.2 causes more severe illness than other variants.
Another factor contributing to concern is declining vaccination rates in some regions, combined with reduced public health measures. These conditions may create an environment where new variants can spread more easily.
Symptoms linked to BA.3.2 appear to be similar to those seen with other recent COVID-19 variants. Most cases involve mild to moderate respiratory symptoms.
Typical symptoms include:
Some patients have reported severe throat pain, sometimes described informally as a “razor blade” sensation. This symptom has also been observed in other recent variants and is not unique to BA.3.2.
Importantly, there is no strong evidence at this stage that the Cicada variant leads to more serious disease outcomes compared to previous strains.
Because of its mutations, there are concerns that BA.3.2 may partially reduce the effectiveness of current COVID-19 vaccines in preventing infection. However, vaccines are still expected to provide strong protection against severe illness, hospitalization, and death.
Health professionals continue to recommend staying up to date with COVID-19 vaccinations and booster doses as they are updated to match circulating variants more closely.
Even when vaccines do not fully prevent infection, they remain a critical tool in reducing the severity of disease and limiting healthcare system strain.
If you test positive for COVID-19, including potential infection with the Cicada variant, public health guidance remains largely unchanged:
Testing remains an important step, especially if you develop symptoms or have been exposed to someone with COVID-19.
Maintaining good hygiene practices, such as frequent hand washing and cleaning shared surfaces, also helps reduce transmission.
Some experts have raised the possibility that BA.3.2 could contribute to a future surge in cases, particularly if it gains a competitive advantage over existing variants. Seasonal factors, travel patterns, and population immunity levels will all play a role in determining its impact.
That said, it is far from certain that BA.3.2 will become the dominant strain. Many variants emerge but do not ultimately outcompete others.
Ongoing surveillance and data collection will be key in understanding how this variant evolves over time.
The BA.3.2 “Cicada” variant is an example of how COVID-19 continues to evolve. While it has not yet become a major global threat, its mutation profile and gradual spread make it worth monitoring.
For now, the best approach remains consistent with existing guidance. Stay informed, keep vaccinations up to date, and follow public health recommendations if you become unwell.
USA TODAY, along with information from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organization.
This blog post is for informational and educational purposes only. It does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek guidance from a qualified healthcare professional regarding any medical concerns or conditions. Information about COVID-19 continues to evolve, and recommendations may change as new data becomes available.
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