The Hidden Dangers of Eyelash Extensions: Mites, Eye Irritation and Chronic Dry Eye
Eyelash extensions have become a popular beauty treatment for people who want fuller, longer-looking lashes without relying on mascara every day. But while the cosmetic results can be appealing, growing research suggests that frequent eyelash extension use may be associated with eye irritation, eyelid problems, dry eye symptoms and changes to the glands that help keep the eyes properly lubricated.
One recent study involving young women has also highlighted another issue that may sound alarming: Demodex mites living around the eyelashes.
Before you panic, it is important to understand that Demodex mites are extremely common and their presence does not automatically mean that someone has an infection or poor hygiene. The concern arises when mites become excessive or are associated with inflammation and other eye symptoms.
What are Demodex mites?
Demodex folliculorum are microscopic organisms that can live around hair follicles, including those associated with the eyelashes. They feed on material such as oils and dead skin cells and are considered part of the normal microorganisms found on human skin.
For many people, they cause no noticeable problems.
However, an increased number of mites can sometimes be associated with eyelid inflammation, itching, redness, irritation and other symptoms. In some cases, Demodex may contribute to a condition known as demodicosis.
Researchers studying eyelash extension users have been interested in whether frequent cosmetic treatments can make it more difficult to maintain good eyelid hygiene or allow debris to accumulate around the base of the lashes.
New research raises questions about regular lash extensions
Research presented by ophthalmologists from National Pirogov Memorial Medical University in Ukraine examined 345 young women aged between 17 and 25.
Of those participants, 86 had used eyelash extensions. The researchers divided these women according to how frequently they had undergone the procedure.
The study found that women who had undergone at least 10 eyelash extension procedures showed a high rate of changes associated with meibomian gland dysfunction, or MGD.
These tiny glands are located inside the eyelids and produce an oily substance that forms part of the tear film. Their job is important because the oily layer helps slow down evaporation of tears from the surface of the eye.
When the glands do not work properly, people may experience symptoms associated with dry eyes.
According to the published research abstract, signs of MGD were found in 85 per cent of participants who had undergone 10 or more eyelash extension procedures, compared with 30 per cent among those who had undergone fewer than 10 procedures.
The researchers also reported that tear film stability decreased as eyelash extension frequency increased.
Eye irritation may be another warning sign
The research also found that discomfort following eyelash extensions was relatively common.
Participants reported symptoms including eye discomfort, watering, redness, a sensation that something was inside the eye, blurred vision and eyelid swelling.
This does not mean that everyone who has eyelash extensions will develop an eye problem. Instead, the findings suggest that people who experience persistent symptoms should not simply assume that irritation is a normal part of the beauty treatment.
Repeated redness, burning, itching, excessive watering or changes in vision deserve attention, particularly if symptoms continue after the extensions have been applied.
Other research has similarly found associations between eyelash extension use and signs of ocular surface problems, including reduced tear film stability and abnormalities involving the eyelashes and meibomian glands.
What do eyelash extensions have to do with mites?
One particularly interesting part of the research involved microscopic examination of eyelashes from a smaller group of women who regularly wore extensions.
Demodex mites were identified in almost all of the samples examined.
Some participants also displayed signs such as eyelid irritation, redness, swelling, itching, flaky skin and lashes sticking together.
However, it is important not to interpret these findings as proof that eyelash extensions directly cause Demodex infestations.
The researchers themselves highlighted the need for further investigation. The study was relatively small when it came to microscopic testing and did not include a comparison group of women who had never used eyelash extensions.
That means researchers cannot simply conclude that lash extensions cause mites.
Instead, the findings add to concerns about the relationship between frequent lash treatments, eyelid hygiene, debris around the lashes and ocular surface health.
Why meibomian glands matter
Meibomian gland dysfunction is particularly important because these glands play a central role in keeping tears from evaporating too quickly.
When the glands become blocked or dysfunctional, the tear film can become unstable. This may lead to symptoms such as:
- Dry or gritty eyes
- Burning or stinging
- Redness
- Excessive watering
- Light sensitivity
- Blurred or fluctuating vision
- A feeling that something is stuck in the eye
Long-term ocular surface problems can be uncomfortable and may interfere with everyday activities such as reading, working at a computer or wearing contact lenses.
This is why persistent symptoms should not be dismissed as simply being part of having eyelash extensions.
Does this mean you should stop getting lash extensions?
Not necessarily.
The researchers did not recommend that everyone completely avoid eyelash extensions. Instead, they emphasised awareness, hygiene and seeking assessment if symptoms develop.
If you regularly have your lashes done, paying attention to the health of your eyelids is important.
Good hygiene around the eye area can help remove oil, debris and other material that may accumulate around the lashes. The research team recommended appropriate eyelid cleaning, including the use of a hypoallergenic cleansing gel and an eyelash brush.
However, people should be cautious about putting products close to the eye. Not every cleanser or cosmetic product is suitable for the eyelids, and aggressive rubbing can cause additional irritation.
When should you see an eye specialist?
Some temporary irritation may occur after a cosmetic treatment, but ongoing or worsening symptoms should not be ignored.
Consider seeking professional medical advice if you experience persistent:
- Eye redness
- Pain
- Swelling
- Itching
- Burning
- Excessive tearing
- Discharge
- Blurred vision
- Sensitivity to light
- Significant dryness
Anyone experiencing sudden changes in vision, severe eye pain or a serious injury to the eye should seek urgent medical attention.
An optometrist or ophthalmologist can examine the eyelids, eyelashes, tear film and ocular surface and determine whether the symptoms are related to dry eye, eyelid inflammation, an allergic reaction, infection or another condition.
The bottom line
Eyelash extensions can be an effective cosmetic treatment, but they are still performed close to one of the body's most sensitive areas.
Emerging research suggests that frequent use may be associated with changes to the meibomian glands, reduced tear film stability and symptoms such as irritation and watering. Researchers have also identified Demodex mites in many lash samples, although these microscopic mites are common and their presence alone does not prove that eyelash extensions caused a problem.
The most important message is not to panic. Instead, pay attention to your eyes.
If your eyelash extensions are repeatedly followed by redness, itching, discomfort or dry eye symptoms, consider taking a break and speaking with an eye-care professional.
Beauty treatments should make you feel confident, not leave you struggling with persistent eye problems.
Sources
- Harkusha V, Zhmud T, Melnyk O. Aesthetics vs. physiology: the impact of cosmetic procedure on meibomian glands. Acta Ophthalmologica, EVER 2025 abstracts.
- Zhmud T, et al. Research on eyelash extensions, Demodex and meibomian gland function presented by the ophthalmology team from National Pirogov Memorial Medical University.
- American Academy of Ophthalmology EyeWiki. Eyelash Extensions.
- Zhmud T, et al. Research published in Frontiers in Medicine concerning dry eye disease and ocular health.
- The Sun, health report published September 11, 2026, reporting on the eyelash extension and Demodex research.
Medical Disclaimer
This article is for general information and educational purposes only. It is not intended to diagnose, treat or prevent any medical condition and should not replace advice from a qualified doctor, optometrist, ophthalmologist or other healthcare professional. Research findings do not establish that eyelash extensions directly cause Demodex infestation or chronic eye disease. If you have persistent eye pain, vision changes, significant redness, swelling or other concerning symptoms, seek professional medical advice promptly.